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Metadata-Version: 2.1 Name: keyring Version: 23.5.0 Summary: Store and access your passwords safely. Home-page: https://github.com/jaraco/keyring Author: Kang Zhang Author-email: jobo.zh@gmail.com Maintainer: Jason R. Coombs Maintainer-email: jaraco@jaraco.com License: UNKNOWN Platform: UNKNOWN Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: Python Software Foundation License Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3 Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only Requires-Python: >=3.7 Provides-Extra: docs Provides-Extra: testing License-File: LICENSE .. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/keyring.svg :target: `PyPI link`_ .. image:: https://img.shields.io/pypi/pyversions/keyring.svg :target: `PyPI link`_ .. _PyPI link: https://pypi.org/project/keyring .. image:: https://github.com/jaraco/keyring/workflows/tests/badge.svg :target: https://github.com/jaraco/keyring/actions?query=workflow%3A%22tests%22 :alt: tests .. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg :target: https://github.com/psf/black :alt: Code style: Black .. image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/keyring/badge/?version=latest :target: https://keyring.readthedocs.io/en/latest/?badge=latest .. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/skeleton-2021-informational :target: https://blog.jaraco.com/skeleton .. image:: https://tidelift.com/badges/package/pypi/keyring :target: https://tidelift.com/subscription/pkg/pypi-keyring?utm_source=pypi-keyring&utm_medium=readme .. image:: https://badges.gitter.im/jaraco/keyring.svg :alt: Join the chat at https://gitter.im/jaraco/keyring :target: https://gitter.im/jaraco/keyring?utm_source=badge&utm_medium=badge&utm_campaign=pr-badge&utm_content=badge The Python keyring library provides an easy way to access the system keyring service from python. It can be used in any application that needs safe password storage. These recommended keyring backends are supported: * macOS `Keychain <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keychain_%28software%29>`_ * Freedesktop `Secret Service <http://standards.freedesktop.org/secret-service/>`_ supports many DE including GNOME (requires `secretstorage <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/secretstorage>`_) * KDE4 & KDE5 `KWallet <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KWallet>`_ (requires `dbus <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/dbus-python>`_) * `Windows Credential Locker <https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/uwp/security/credential-locker>`_ Other keyring implementations are available through `Third-Party Backends`_. Installation - Linux ==================== On Linux, the KWallet backend relies on dbus-python_, which does not always install correctly when using pip (compilation is needed). For best results, install dbus-python as a system package. .. _dbus-python: https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/dbus/dbus-python Compatibility - macOS ===================== macOS keychain support macOS 11 (Big Sur) and later requires Python 3.8.7 or later with the "universal2" binary. See `#525 <https://github.com/jaraco/keyring/issues/525>`_ for details. Using Keyring ============= The basic usage of keyring is pretty simple: just call ``keyring.set_password`` and ``keyring.get_password``:: >>> import keyring >>> keyring.set_password("system", "username", "password") >>> keyring.get_password("system", "username") 'password' Command-line Utility -------------------- Keyring supplies a ``keyring`` command which is installed with the package. After installing keyring in most environments, the command should be available for setting, getting, and deleting passwords. For more information on usage, invoke with no arguments or with ``--help`` as so:: $ keyring --help $ keyring set system username Password for 'username' in 'system': $ keyring get system username password The command-line functionality is also exposed as an executable package, suitable for invoking from Python like so:: $ python -m keyring --help $ python -m keyring set system username Password for 'username' in 'system': $ python -m keyring get system username password Configuring =========== The python keyring lib contains implementations for several backends. The library will attempt to automatically choose the most suitable backend for the current environment. Users may also specify the preferred keyring in a config file or by calling the ``set_keyring()`` function. Config file path ---------------- The configuration is stored in a file named "keyringrc.cfg" found in a platform-specific location. To determine where the config file is stored, run the following:: python -c "import keyring.util.platform_; print(keyring.util.platform_.config_root())" Some keyrings also store the keyring data in the file system. To determine where the data files are stored, run:: python -c "import keyring.util.platform_; print(keyring.util.platform_.data_root())" Config file content ------------------- To specify a keyring backend, set the default-keyring option to the full path of the class for that backend, such as ``keyring.backends.OS_X.Keyring``. If keyring-path is indicated, keyring will add that path to the Python module search path before loading the backend. For example, this config might be used to load the ``SimpleKeyring`` from the ``simplekeyring`` module in the ``./demo`` directory (not implemented):: [backend] default-keyring=simplekeyring.SimpleKeyring keyring-path=demo Third-Party Backends ==================== In addition to the backends provided by the core keyring package for the most common and secure use cases, there are additional keyring backend implementations available for other use-cases. Simply install them to make them available: - `keyrings.cryptfile <https://pypi.org/project/keyrings.cryptfile>`_ - Encrypted text file storage. - `keyring_jeepney <https://pypi.org/project/keyring_jeepney>`__ - a pure Python backend using the secret service DBus API for desktop Linux. - `keyrings.alt <https://pypi.org/project/keyrings.alt>`_ - "alternate", possibly-insecure backends, originally part of the core package, but available for opt-in. - `gsheet-keyring <https://pypi.org/project/gsheet-keyring>`_ - a backend that stores secrets in a Google Sheet. For use with `ipython-secrets <https://pypi.org/project/ipython-secrets>`_. - `bitwarden-keyring <https://pypi.org/project/bitwarden-keyring/0.1.0/>`_ - a backend that stores secrets in the `BitWarden <https://bitwarden.com/>`_ password manager. - `sagecipher <https://pypi.org/project/sagecipher>`_ - an encryption backend which uses the ssh agent protocol's signature operation to derive the cipher key. - `keyrings.osx_keychain_keys <https://pypi.org/project/keyrings.osx-keychain-keys>`_ - OSX keychain key-management, for private, public and symmetric keys. Write your own keyring backend ============================== The interface for the backend is defined by ``keyring.backend.KeyringBackend``. Every backend should derive from that base class and define a ``priority`` attribute and three functions: ``get_password()``, ``set_password()``, and ``delete_password()``. The ``get_credential()`` function may be defined if desired. See the ``backend`` module for more detail on the interface of this class. Keyring employs entry points to allow any third-party package to implement backends without any modification to the keyring itself. Those interested in creating new backends are encouraged to create new, third-party packages in the ``keyrings`` namespace, in a manner modeled by the `keyrings.alt package <https://github.com/jaraco/keyrings.alt>`_. See the ``setup.cfg`` file in that project for a hints on how to create the requisite entry points. Backends that prove essential may be considered for inclusion in the core library, although the ease of installing these third-party packages should mean that extensions may be readily available. To create an extension for Keyring, please submit a pull request to have your extension mentioned as an available extension. Runtime Configuration ===================== Keyring additionally allows programmatic configuration of the backend calling the api ``set_keyring()``. The indicated backend will subsequently be used to store and retrieve passwords. To invoke ``set_keyring``:: # define a new keyring class which extends the KeyringBackend import keyring.backend class TestKeyring(keyring.backend.KeyringBackend): """A test keyring which always outputs same password """ priority = 1 def set_password(self, servicename, username, password): pass def get_password(self, servicename, username): return "password from TestKeyring" def delete_password(self, servicename, username): pass # set the keyring for keyring lib keyring.set_keyring(TestKeyring()) # invoke the keyring lib try: keyring.set_password("demo-service", "tarek", "passexample") print("password stored successfully") except keyring.errors.PasswordSetError: print("failed to store password") print("password", keyring.get_password("demo-service", "tarek")) Disabling Keyring ================= In many cases, uninstalling keyring will never be necessary. Especially on Windows and macOS, the behavior of keyring is usually degenerate, meaning it will return empty values to the caller, allowing the caller to fall back to some other behavior. In some cases, the default behavior of keyring is undesirable and it would be preferable to disable the keyring behavior altogether. There are several mechanisms to disable keyring: - Uninstall keyring. Most applications are tolerant to keyring not being installed. Uninstalling keyring should cause those applications to fall back to the behavior without keyring. This approach affects that Python environment where keyring would otherwise have been installed. - Configure the Null keyring in the environment. Set ``PYTHON_KEYRING_BACKEND=keyring.backends.null.Keyring`` in the environment, and the ``Null`` (degenerate) backend will be used. This approach affects all uses of Keyring where that variable is set. - Permanently configure the Null keyring for the user by running ``keyring --disable`` or ``python -m keyring --disable``. This approach affects all uses of keyring for that user. Altering Keyring Behavior ========================= Keyring provides a mechanism to alter the keyring's behavior through environment variables. Each backend implements a ``KeyringBackend.set_properties_from_env``, which when invoked will find all environment variables beginning with ``KEYRING_PROPERTY_{NAME}`` and will set a property for each ``{NAME.lower()}`` on the keyring. This method is invoked during initialization for the default/configured keyring. This mechanism may be used to set some useful values on various keyrings, including: - keychain; macOS, path to an alternate keychain file - appid; Linux/SecretService, alternate ID for the application Using Keyring on Ubuntu 16.04 ============================= The following is a complete transcript for installing keyring in a virtual environment on Ubuntu 16.04. No config file was used:: $ sudo apt install python3-venv libdbus-glib-1-dev $ cd /tmp $ pyvenv py3 $ source py3/bin/activate $ pip install -U pip $ pip install secretstorage dbus-python $ pip install keyring $ python >>> import keyring >>> keyring.get_keyring() <keyring.backends.SecretService.Keyring object at 0x7f9b9c971ba8> >>> keyring.set_password("system", "username", "password") >>> keyring.get_password("system", "username") 'password' Using Keyring on headless Linux systems ======================================= It is possible to use the SecretService backend on Linux systems without X11 server available (only D-Bus is required). In this case: * Install the `GNOME Keyring`_ daemon. * Start a D-Bus session, e.g. run ``dbus-run-session -- sh`` and run the following commands inside that shell. * Run ``gnome-keyring-daemon`` with ``--unlock`` option. The description of that option says: Read a password from stdin, and use it to unlock the login keyring or create it if the login keyring does not exist. When that command is started, enter a password into stdin and press Ctrl+D (end of data). After that, the daemon will fork into background (use ``--foreground`` option to block). * Now you can use the SecretService backend of Keyring. Remember to run your application in the same D-Bus session as the daemon. .. _GNOME Keyring: https://wiki.gnome.org/Projects/GnomeKeyring Using Keyring on headless Linux systems in a Docker container ============================================================= It is possible to use keyring with the SecretService backend in Docker containers as well. All you need to do is install the necessary dependencies and add the `--privileged` flag to avoid any `Operation not permitted` errors when attempting to unlock the system's keyring. The following is a complete transcript for installing keyring on a Ubuntu 18:04 container:: docker run -it -d --privileged ubuntu:18.04 $ apt-get update $ apt install -y gnome-keyring python3-venv python3-dev $ python3 -m venv venv $ source venv/bin/activate # source a virtual environment to avoid polluting your system $ pip3 install --upgrade pip $ pip3 install keyring $ dbus-run-session -- sh # this will drop you into a new D-bus shell $ echo 'somecredstorepass' \| gnome-keyring-daemon --unlock # unlock the system's keyring $ python >>> import keyring >>> keyring.get_keyring() <keyring.backends.SecretService.Keyring object at 0x7f9b9c971ba8> >>> keyring.set_password("system", "username", "password") >>> keyring.get_password("system", "username") 'password' Integration =========== API --- The keyring lib has a few functions: * ``get_keyring()``: Return the currently-loaded keyring implementation. * ``get_password(service, username)``: Returns the password stored in the active keyring. If the password does not exist, it will return None. * ``get_credential(service, username)``: Return a credential object stored in the active keyring. This object contains at least ``username`` and ``password`` attributes for the specified service, where the returned ``username`` may be different from the argument. * ``set_password(service, username, password)``: Store the password in the keyring. * ``delete_password(service, username)``: Delete the password stored in keyring. If the password does not exist, it will raise an exception. In all cases, the parameters (``service``, ``username``, ``password``) should be Unicode text. Exceptions ---------- The keyring lib raises following exceptions: * ``keyring.errors.KeyringError``: Base Error class for all exceptions in keyring lib. * ``keyring.errors.InitError``: Raised when the keyring cannot be initialized. * ``keyring.errors.PasswordSetError``: Raised when password cannot be set in the keyring. * ``keyring.errors.PasswordDeleteError``: Raised when the password cannot be deleted in the keyring. Get Involved ============ Python keyring lib is an open community project and eagerly welcomes contributors. * Repository: https://github.com/jaraco/keyring/ * Bug Tracker: https://github.com/jaraco/keyring/issues/ * Mailing list: http://groups.google.com/group/python-keyring For Enterprise ============== Available as part of the Tidelift Subscription. This project and the maintainers of thousands of other packages are working with Tidelift to deliver one enterprise subscription that covers all of the open source you use. `Learn more <https://tidelift.com/subscription/pkg/pypi-PROJECT?utm_source=pypi-PROJECT&utm_medium=referral&utm_campaign=github>`_. Security Contact ================ To report a security vulnerability, please use the `Tidelift security contact <https://tidelift.com/security>`_. Tidelift will coordinate the fix and disclosure. Security Considerations ======================= Each builtin backend may have security considerations to understand before using this library. Authors of tools or libraries utilizing ``keyring`` are encouraged to consider these concerns. As with any list of known security concerns, this list is not exhaustive. Additional issues can be added as needed. - macOS Keychain - Any Python script or application can access secrets created by ``keyring`` from that same Python executable without the operating system prompting the user for a password. To cause any specific secret to prompt for a password every time it is accessed, locate the credential using the ``Keychain Access`` application, and in the ``Access Control`` settings, remove ``Python`` from the list of allowed applications. - Freedesktop Secret Service - No analysis has been performed - KDE4 & KDE5 KWallet - No analysis has been performed - Windows Credential Locker - No analysis has been performed Making Releases =============== This project makes use of automated releases continuous integration. The simple workflow is to tag a commit and push it to Github. If it passes tests in CI, it will be automatically deployed to PyPI. Other things to consider when making a release: - Check that the changelog is current for the intended release. Running Tests ============= Tests are continuously run in Github Actions. To run the tests locally, install and invoke `tox <https://pypi.org/project/tox>`_. Background ========== The project was based on Tarek Ziade's idea in `this post`_. Kang Zhang initially carried it out as a `Google Summer of Code`_ project, and Tarek mentored Kang on this project. .. _this post: http://tarekziade.wordpress.com/2009/03/27/pycon-hallway-session-1-a-keyring-library-for-python/ .. _Google Summer of Code: http://socghop.appspot.com/

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